Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 36

Management - Essay Example use it maximises the â€Å"must† and â€Å"want† criteria, as well as having lowered uncertainty and risks through the lowest negative impact on the environment and employees, while Brand B is the second choice because it is satisficing in relation to the minimal criteria of â€Å"must† and â€Å"want.† Brand A is chosen because it has the most points when it comes to the â€Å"must† and â€Å"want† features and has the lowest risks involved. Brand A has the highest points for meeting the â€Å"must† features of maximum cost, being compatible with related equipment, availability of support services, and having no need for renovation. Aside from meeting the planned budget for the equipment, Brand A has the least negative effects on people and workplace because it is already compatible with resources and space, so it reduces costs for renovation and other physical changes at work that can disrupt everyday routine. In other words, it has the fewest risks of changing the status quo and creating conflicts that might be causes of resistance to changes. Brand A also meets the â€Å"want† features of safety, availability upon delivery date and not needing special training for its use. By being available, a plan for its future use can be set up. By not requiring special training, it has the least consumption of training resources and do not need to change work flows and other work habits. The next most important factors are pricing and flexibility, which Brand A meets. Brand A has a good price, unlike Brand C. Though there is more uncertainty with Brand A because the minimum years of service are not assured compared to other brands, it has the fewest negative effects on employees and the workplace. Brand A has safety features and it is compatible with existing equipment and space that Brand C does not have, for instance. Brand A requires no renovation for existing space and additional special training, which again means less uncertainty for workers. In addition, Brand A has

Organisation and behaviour Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Organisation and behaviour - Assignment Example It further seeks to investigate the approaches of these organizations to their management. Style of Leadership The success of Berkshire and its founder, Warren Buffett starts with leadership. Buffett’s leadership has the capability of adapting to changing world. The success of Buffett’s leadership style is reflected in the performance of his company. The annual report 2010 of Berkshire stated that they tend to let their subsidiary companies operate in their own. They do not monitor or supervise them to any extent. Many managers utilize the liberty in a magnificent manner and preserve an owner-oriented behavior. Warren Buffett’s employs the laissez-faire style of management, which increased the stock of the company by 19.8%. Laissez-faire style of management thrives at Berkshire because every organization has its own culture. Berkshire does not enforce the conventional human resource. If it had done it, then laissez-faire would not have worked at Berkshire. Buffet t believes that enforcing autonomy creates pressure on CEOs. He encourages his leaders by convincing them that they can do more than they believe they can and it will take three people to replace each of them. A contrasting organization to Berkshire is Trump Organization, where the founder Donald Trump runs the organization in an autocratic style. He has centralized all the decision-making power to himself and to a group of few selected people. This type of leadership style limits the inputs of rest of the employees. Trump exhibits an eccentric style of leadership. This is shown in every piece of real estate that he owns. Every building, gold course, or casino has his name on it. Trump is considered as the positive example of autocratic leadership. According to his employees, though he keeps gentleness out of spotlight, but in essence, he is more generous than anyone would believe due to this reputation. It is not about which style is being implemented. It entirely depends on how it is being implemented. If leaders are confident, capable, and motivated, it can work well. Modern Management Theories When it comes to Donald Trump, it is quite evident that Henri Fayol’s 14 principles are applied to greater extent. Trump’s style of management clearly integrates elements mentioned by Henry Fayol. Unity of Command, Centralization, Discipline, Authority of Work, Division of Work, Scalar Chain, and Order are named as few. The common element among all these principles is autocracy and autonomy, which is decently reflected in the workplace and organizational culture of Trump Organization. The span of control and attention is limited to one person only, who has all the decision making power. It is staff’s responsibility to show initiative within the limits of discipline and authority. Uniform goals and similar direction is constructed for all the employees of the entire organization. In contrast to that, the style of Warren Buffet contradicts with con temporary capitalism. Warren Buffet understands the Systems Theory. Buffett is aware of how different systems affect the workers and how the system is affected by workers. A system constitutes of variety of different parts that work together in order to achieve a goal. Systems theory allows leader to evaluate events and patterns in the workplace. Warren buffet is aware of what inputs need to be inserted into the system in order to achie

The contribution of the construction industry to economic development Essay

The contribution of the construction industry to economic development in Libya - Essay Example Such estimates signifying the role of construction industry in the national economies, especially in the context of developing economies, could rise further as these figures do not include the informal sectors. In developing economies informal sectors generates significant casual employment in both rural and urban areas (Ganesan 2000). The construction outputs are considered as a major constituent of investment and part of fixed capital which are essential for continuous and sustainable economic growth. In the normal course the outcomes of construction activities produce results that benefits on the whole for a larger period of time. Construction industry is also very important since infrastructure development is very crucial and a pre condition for potential economic growth (Ive and Gruneberg, 2000; Hillebrandt 2000). The importance of the construction industry is due to the role it has in the economy, but that role varies between nations. In developing countries, the construction industry has a pivotal role in providing a significant infrastructure in the form of roads, railways, hospitals, schools, airports, housing and other buildings. In developed countries the emphasis is on professional services, maintenance and repair constructions (Ruddock, 2009; Bon, 1999).The main purpose of this study is to draw attention to the importance of the construction industry in Libya through investigating its relationship with other sectors via linkages which are defined as â€Å"backward and forward linkages† (Raza, 2008- p no?). The construction industry stimulates the growth of other sectors through a complex system of linkages which are defined as backward and forward – directions from an input and output model of the economy. Changes in construction industry usually affect other sectors through its linkages. Therefore, its highest linkages with other sectors provide a more rapid growth in the economy (Song, Liu, 2006). As a matter of fact the backward

I hop you can do that for me Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

I hop you can do that for me - Essay Example It serves as a guide to improve service delivery during field operations near and within the communities researched. The Aboriginal people are the indigenous people of Australia who have remained in the same place since the time of creation. Just like many other religions, the Aboriginal religion is signified by having one or multiple gods believed to be the creator of the people and the surround the environment. The Aboriginal people are highly religious and spiritual with everyone within the community subscribed to the religion. The distinguishing factor of the aboriginal people is that the groups within the society pray to different deities usually depicted in tangible or recognizable images forms. These images may take the form of a rock art shelter, a plant, an animal or a landscape feature (The Four Directions Teachings). The deity could embody a landscape feature such as a particular rock which represents a specific figure or could be a result of something that occurred during the creation of the deity. An example of such is a symbol of a river which was formed when the rainbow serpent crossed the area during the creation period or a rock that has a depression which represents either a footprint or a sitting location of an ancestral being. Animism (the belief that natural objects have a soul) is unheard of within the Aboriginal people. A rock, for instance doesn’t possess a soul but it may represent a deity back from when the universe was being created. Reincarnation is also another major belief where animals and plants interchange with human life and that at one point in time, plants were people. As earlier mentioned, the religion of these people is varied amongst the different groups within the larger society. The deities according to the Four Directions Teachings of the Aboriginal people have different responsibilities which are almost impossible to describe with words but

Prenatal development Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Prenatal development - Assignment Example The period of prenatal development is interesting because it is the actual manifestation of physical growth from nothingness to a real human. It is amazing how something about the organism changes every month until it turns into a fully matured baby. Teragotens are substances which may result in an abnormality of a fetus. These can be in the form alcohol, caffeine, drugs, diseases and lead, mercury or radiation. While mothers may be exposed to some of these things unintentionally, others have a choice of whether to pay attention to science or their personal beliefs or experiences and continue their usual alcohol or caffeine intake. The most important thing I learned among the five is the general risk factors. This is significant because these factors are very simple things but have a very big impact on the development of a new human being. Nutrition, stress and the mother’s age should be of utmost consideration when planning or having a baby. With this knowledge, I am able to appreciate everything my mother had done to keep herself and me healthy until I was born. Also, I would be able to use this knowledge in building my future family and whenever friends ask me for

Literature Comparison Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Literature Comparison - Essay Example The charismatic leader must base his or her aura and exceptional 'gifts' on the emotional appeal of their followers. The charismatic leader can see a clear vision and stimulates the follower to follow it and become just as elevated as the leader. Negative aspects of the charismatic leader may include streaks of narcissism, self-aggrandizement, and a forced or contrived distance from followers, all in the efforts of maintaining hero status. Miller contrasts the charismatic leader with the transformational, or transforming leader as expounded by Burns, but importantly expanded with Boulding's theory of love. Burns theory defines the transformational leader as one who basically seeks to convert followers into leaders and into moral agents. Boulding’s identifies love as a type of power. There is no power outside of human valuation. Power integrates human valuation within organizations, and 'the most fundamental form of integrative power is the power of love' (p, 184) There is no c ompetitive, opposing, or abusive force in Boulding's concept of power. Merged into Burn’s view, love becomes the integrator and the enabling force allowing the transforming leader to empower the follower by letting them have and pursue their own vision, and to enable a dimension of mutual interaction where both leader and follower are being transformed. The leader is able to see that the followers’ visions can align with that of the organization in a cooperative and sharing way. Leaders in this way learn from followers just as followers learn from leaders. Whereas the charismatic leader must seek agreement and commitment from followers as to a certain vision he or she is credited with having, the transforming leader offers a context for sharing and participation in the process of vision making. Weiner’s shapes a picture of the transformational leader as one who is more combative and confrontational. Importantly it is based on the theories of educator Paulo Freir e. Freire pursued his theories from a personal knowledge of poverty and hunger and essentially sought to make structural changes in the way education was being delivered to the poor. Weiner portrays the leader as doing â€Å"oppositional work† but working within the cultural hegemony as theorized by Antonio Gramsci. Gramsi refined Marxism to recognize that there was a civil society that was accepted by most people. This society had values and beliefs that formed a hegemony. Gramsi believed that this cultural hegemony could be changed from the inside, gradually, without a violent overthrow. This was basically Friere’s belief, that he could educate the poor and that they themselves could bring structural change upon society. Weiner writes as if teachers are continuously battling neoliberal and right wing ideology. But he accepts Freire’s message as one of social justice and democracy. Freire dedicated his life to serving the poor. Through his example Weiner is abl e to define the transformational leader as an activist one who is dedicated to change but who, importantly, works within the â€Å"dominant structures of power and authority† to serve the poor (p. 91). Today we can ask ourselves what kinds of leaders are appropriate in a world that has just experienced a great economic recession and the wants and needs of the poor and have-nots have become more sharp and bare? Miller noted the charismatic corporation heads who seem to continuously highlight themselves today,

Xerox Accounting Fraud Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Xerox Accounting Fraud - Essay Example rowth of mid to high teens." In effect, the predicted growth bar was raised, and some wondered how profits could grow at three times the rate of revenues. Revenue growth was predicted to be 5 percent for the quarter although year-to-year revenue growth for the first quarter was zero. Investors Grow Uneasy By July investors were getting suspicious. In retrospect, they had good reason. The stock had fallen more than 10 percent when Xerox reported that it was in line with its targets for second- quarter growth of 13 percent in "core earnings." The company also noted that revenue had grown at only 2.5 percent and that "mid to high teens" earnings per share growth would be hard to achieve for the balance of the year. On receipt of that news, the stock traded down 8.2 percent to close just below $51. The company tried to adjust the spin to emphasize future opportunities, noting that it was transforming itself from a copier company to a copier services company and that it expected the services component to account for 50 percent of total revenue (up from 15 percent) within eight to ten years. Research analysts supported the company story. Eight out of eleven continued to rank Xerox a strong buy. By mid-September 1999, Xerox was forced to lower expectations again when the CFO noted that revenue growth would fall below 5 percent. A strong U.S. dollar and economic weakness were blamed-although with the stock down about 30 percent from the high four months earlier, several analysts expressed doubt that Xerox's problems were limited to foreign sales. Within a week Xerox announced the acquisition of Tektronix's color printing and imaging business for $950 million, saying that it expected that market to grow at 23 percent for the next three years. Thoman said, "This is really about...The complaint alleged that Xerox had overstated revenues by more than $3 billion and profits by more than $1.5 billion over a four-year period beginning in 1997. This year coincided with the time that Xerox began to outperform the market and Allaire began to accumulate a fortune. The action was finally settled in June 2002 with a second restatement involving the inappropriate booking of $6.4 billion in revenue and overstated pretax profits of $1.4 billion.(Securities and Exchange Commission, 2002) The company was fined $10 million, paid, of course, with shareholders’ money. Stephen Cutler, the SEC’s director of enforcement said, â€Å"Xerox used its accounting to burnish and distort operating results rather than to describe them accurately. As a result, investors were misled and betrayed.† Paul R. Berger, associate director of enforcement said, â€Å"Xerox’s senior management orchestrated a four-year scheme to disguise the company’s true operating performance†¦. Senior management had no compunctions about engaging in improper conduct.† And Charles D. Neimeier, chief accountant for the division of enforcement added, â€Å"Xerox employed a wide variety of undisclosed and often improper top-side accounting actions to manage the quality of its reported earnings. As a result, the company created an illusion that its operating results were substantially better than they really were.